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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you're traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get beyond the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI had to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a rear door or similar hack is different, it will become a goal, a prize for the bad guys. It will leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, in the event that you wanted to maintain a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a protected. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel these options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disc that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, each the files you put into it's completely inaccessible. .
Like the digital drive solution, a few products save your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy requires extreme care, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a far larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each one of those products to have a feel for the different options.
After you copy a file into secure storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you bypass the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disc, and data recovery utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products prevent this problem by encrypting the document in place, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It is more common, though, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works because the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known information and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one of the products gathered here support AES. Even the ones that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption expert, you might want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the click over here Soviet government's GOST. For the typical user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. Another is private, and needs to be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can make a digital signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. PKI service is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.